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Dual-Port Fuel Injection (DPFI)

The important aspects of fuel injection are two fold: where to inject and how strong, and how atomized, the injection should be. The location, pressure, and pattern of injection determine the ratio by which the fuel mixes with the air; if it mixes well, its stable combustion can improve fuel economy and reduce the emission of harmful gases. To this end, Hyundai Motor Group has worked to discover and select the optimal injection pattern for every engine.

MPi engines structurally inject the fuel into the intake ports, so it is essential, for the sake of fuel economy and emission reduction, to minimize the amount of wall film that sticks to the ports or the combustion chamber walls.

DPFI uses two injectors for each intake port to better maintain the stable air/fuel ratio in the mixer, which also improves the EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) ratio, with benefits to the fuel economy. In addition, further atomization of fuel droplets mitigated spray evaporation, which reduced the emission of harmful particulate matter (PM).

 

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High Tumble Combustion System (HTCS)
Faster combustion speeds require good mixing of air and fuel. And good mixing requires the formation of appropriate vortexes—like swirl or tumble—that facilitate the mixing. By tailoring the intake port and the piston bowl design to maximize the tumble ratio, the HTCS works to deliver as much power generated by the combustion as possible to the pistons. To this end, Hyundai Motor Group has redesigned the engine specifications from scratch, improving combustion stability and maximizing the engine efficiency.

 

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Integrated Thermal Management System (ITMS)
Another important factor for engine efficiency is the management of the environment in which the combustion occurs—that is, the thermal conditions of the engine itself. Hyundai Motor Group’s answer to this factor is the Integrated Thermal Management System (ITMS), which not only regulates engine temperature but also controls the vehicle’s heating and air conditioning. ITMS places next to the engine a 3-way valve that regulates the flow of the engine coolant to the radiator, transmission oil warmer, and heater. The valve can not only open and shut but also control the amount of coolant flow, making it a control tower that sets the overall coolant flow pattern that suits the engine’s status.

For example, when a car starts, all valve channels are shut to prevent the dissipation of heat, and this quickly raises the engine temperature. This way, the engine arrives sooner at the temperature at which the engine oil’s viscosity is at the optimal point, with the reduced friction contributing to fuel economy. In another situation, the car may be traveling at high speeds, burdening the engine with large loads and even causing an engine knock. In this case, the valves work to quickly dissipate the heat and lower the engine temperature, alleviating the knocking issue and again improving fuel economy.

ITMS is not just about regulating engine temperature, though; as already established, it can also regulate the coolant flow to the heater according to the driving conditions and the driver’s intent, improving the heating and air conditioning performance as well as efficiency.

*Models with ITMS: All Smartstream models

 

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Friction-Optimized Moving System (FOMS)
Managing the thermal conditions of the engine is important for efficiency’s sake, but more fundamental to that objective is designing an engine that minimizes friction. The engine is made up of countless interlocking mechanical parts, many of which are moving parts essential to the very function of generating power.

These moving parts inevitably undergo friction upon every movement cycle. And the friction here is not just an intriguing physical phenomenon; it has ramifications to nearly all commercially important aspects of the engine, including fuel economy, performance, and durability. Friction also causes heat, which reduces energy efficiency, not to mention noise and vibrations that impact ride comfort.

Maximizing the engine’s fuel economy therefore requires technology for reducing friction. Hyundai Motor Group’s Friction-Optimized Moving System (FOMS) uses cutting-edge lightweight material and coating technologies to dramatically reduce the friction coefficient. With FOMS, the friction in the engine has reduced by 34%, helping to minimize energy loss and to improve fuel economy.

*Models with FOMS: All Smartstream models

 

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1. ECM (Engine Control Module)
2. Mass Air Flow Sensor (MAFS)
3. Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS)
4. Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS)
5. Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) #1
6. Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS) #2
7. Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) [integrated into ETC Module]
8. Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS)
9. Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Intake]
10. Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust]
11. Knock Sensor (KS)
12. Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 1]
13. Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1 / Sensor 2]
14. Accelerator Position Sessor (APS)
15. Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (FTPS)
16. Fuel Level Sender (FLS)
17. A/C Pressure Transducer (APT)
18. ETC Motor [integrated into ETC Module]
19. Injector
20. Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV)
21. Variable Force Solenoid (VFS) [Bank 1 / Intake]
22. Variable Force Solenoid (VFS) [Bank 1 / Exhaust]
23. CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1 / Intake]
23. CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV) [Bank 1 / Exhaust]
25. Variable Intake Solenoid (VIS) Valve
26. Canister Close Valve (CCV)
27. Electric EGR Control Valve
28. Thermal Management Module (TMM) Motor
29. Ignition Coil
30. Main Relay
31. Fuel Pump Relay
32. Data Link Connector (DLC) [16-Pin]
33. Multi-Purpose Connector [6-pin]